Exceptions

All Exceptions are derived from BaseException

Concrete Exceptions

In Python, "concrete exceptions" refer to specific, built-in exception types that are raised by the interpreter or standard library functions in response to various error conditions. These contrast with more general exception types (like Exception itself) or user-defined exceptions.

Examples:

• TypeError
  • Class methods or functions will raise a TypeError when called without the correct amount of positional arguments.

"hello" + 5 # Raises TypeError; string and int types cannot be added

import math
math.pow(2) # Raises TypeError

• ValueError

int("abc") # Raises ValueError for incompatible value being passed to int()

• IndexError

my_list = [1,2,3]
my_list[5] # Raises IndexError

• KeyError

my_dict = {'a': 1}
my_dict['b'] # Raises KeyError

• NameError

print(not_defined_variable) # Raises NameError

• ZeroDivisionError

10 / 0 # Raises ZeroDivisionError

• FileNotFoundError

with open('non_existent_file.txt', 'r') as fp: # Raises FileNotFoundError
    pass

• AttributeError

my_str = "this is some text"
my_str.non_existent_method() # Raises AttributeError

• ImportError

import non_existent_module # Raises ImportError